L4 Flag anomaly

Malformed & exotic TCP flag floods

Invalid or rare TCP flag combinations (Xmas, ALL flags, URG-ACK-RST-SYN-FIN, etc.) probe how filters handle non-RFC-compliant packets.

How it works

  1. Packets set unusual flag combinations not seen in normal traffic.
  2. Some devices drop silently; others process expensively or mis-classify.
  3. Engarde includes many predefined invalid-flag presets from the attack library.
  4. Helps find IPS/FW gaps that volumetric tests miss.

Packet flow (illustrative)

Non-standard flag combinations (illustrative: F+P+U Xmas style).

Illustrative flow — not a live capture.

Examples Xmas, ALL, URG combos
Engarde invalid_flag presets
Layer L4 parse path

What to watch in Engarde

  • Drop vs. forward behavior on each protection layer.
  • Logs for malformed TCP counters increasing.

Running this simulation

Choose invalid-flag TCP presets in Engarde (e.g. Xmas, ALL TCP Flags). Run on lab/staging targets first.

Mitigation perspective

Default-drop malformed TCP at edge; align scrubbing provider rules with your policy.